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How to look after your mental health while packing up Mum or Dad’s home

<p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/erika-penney-1416241">Erika Penney</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-technology-sydney-936">University of Technology Sydney</a>; <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/alice-norton-1516505">Alice Norton</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-sydney-841">University of Sydney</a>, and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/avalon-tissue-1515840">Avalon Tissue</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-sydney-841">University of Sydney</a></em></p> <p>So Mum or Dad has died, or moved to aged care, and now you’ve got to pack up their house. It’s a huge job and you’re dreading it.</p> <p>It’s normal to feel grief, loss, guilt, exhaustion or even resentment at being left with this job.</p> <p>So how can you look after your mental health while tackling the task?</p> <h2>It’s OK to feel a lot of feelings</h2> <p>Research has documented how this task can exert an intense <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15267431.2021.1943399">physical and emotional toll</a>.</p> <p>This can be more intense for those who had strained – or even <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epub/10.1177/0030222819868107">traumatic</a> – relationships with the person whose house they’re packing up.</p> <p>Decisions around distributing or discarding items can, in some families, bring up painful reminders of the past or end up <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1074840711428451">replaying strained dynamics</a>.</p> <p>Family members who were carers for the deceased may feel exhaustion, overwhelm, <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/hec.1512?sid=vendor%3Adatabase">burnout</a> or a sense of injustice they must now continue to be responsible for their loved one’s affairs. Grief can be compounded by the practical challenges of deciding how to <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-2963(94)00054-I">store or discard belongings</a>, <a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30000385">arrange the funeral</a>, execute the will, deal with the aged care place or, in some cases, navigate legal disputes.</p> <p>But packing up the house may also be cathartic or helpful. <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15267431.2021.1943399">Research</a> has shown how the task of cleaning out a loved one’s belongings can provide an opportunity for family and friends to talk, share memories, and make sense of what has just happened.</p> <p>It’s also normal to grieve before someone dies. What psychologists call “<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29206700/">anticipatory</a> grief” can happen to <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1615888/">relatives packing up the house</a> of a parent who has moved to aged care or palliative care.</p> <h2>What to do with all this stuff?</h2> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-2963(94)00054-I">Some</a> treat their loved one’s items with sanctity, holding onto as many of their belongings as possible and creating “shrines” in their honour.</p> <p>Others alleviate the weight of grief by clearing out a loved one’s house as soon as possible, giving away, selling or discarding as much as they can.</p> <p>But if you experience a mix of these – enthusiastically getting rid of some stuff, while desperately wanting to hold onto other things – that’s OK too.</p> <p>One <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10253866.2017.1367677">study</a> identified a process punctuated by four key periods:</p> <ol> <li> <p>numbness and overwhelm at the task of packing the house</p> </li> <li> <p>yearning to maintain a link to the loved through their belongings</p> </li> <li> <p>working through grief, anger and guilt regarding the loved one and the task of managing their belongings, and</p> </li> <li> <p>healing and making sense of the relationship with the deceased and their belongings.</p> </li> </ol> <p>However, it is important to note everyone’s approach is different and there is no “right” way to do the clean out, or “right” way to feel.</p> <h2>Caring for your mental health during the clean out</h2> <p>To care for your mental health during these difficult times, you might try to:</p> <ul> <li> <p>make space for your feelings, whether it’s sadness, loss, resentment, anger, relief or all the above. There is no right or wrong way to feel. <a href="https://guilfordjournals.com/doi/abs/10.1521/jscp.2011.30.2.163">Accepting</a> your emotions is healthier than suppressing them</p> </li> <li> <p>share the load. <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.01220.x">Research</a> has shown practical support from close friends and family can help a lot with grief. Accept help with packing, planning, dealing with removalists, selling or donating items and cleaning. Don’t be afraid to reduce your mental load by delegating tasks to friends, who are likely wondering how they can help</p> </li> <li> <p>take a systematic approach. Break tasks into their smallest component. For example, aim to clean out a drawer instead of an entire bedroom. This can help the mental and physical task feel more manageable</p> </li> <li> <p>reflect on what’s meaningful to you. Some belongings will have <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-2963(94)00054-I">meaning</a>, while others will not. What was valuable to the deceased may not be valuable to you. Things they probably saw as pretty worthless (a handwritten shopping list, an old sewing kit) may be very meaningful to you. Ask yourself whether retaining a small number of meaningful possessions would allow you to maintain a connection with your loved one, or if clearing out the space and discarding the items is what you need</p> </li> <li> <p>share your story. When you feel ready, share your “<a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15267431.2021.1943399">cleaning out the closet</a>” story with trusted friends and family. Storytelling allows the deceased to live on in memory. <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.01220.x">Research</a> also suggests we cope better with bereavement when friends and relatives make time to hear our feelings</p> </li> <li> <p>remember that professional help is available. Just as a solicitor can help with legal disputes, a mental health professional can help you process your feelings.</p> </li> </ul> <p>The home of your loved one is not merely a place where they lived, but a space filled with meaning and stories.</p> <p>Packing up the house of a loved one can be incredibly daunting and challenging, but it can also be an important part of your grieving process.</p> <p><em>If this article has raised issues for you, or if you’re concerned about someone you know, call Lifeline on 13 11 14.</em><!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/223956/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/erika-penney-1416241">E<em>rika Penney</em></a><em>, Lecturer in Clinical Psychology, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-technology-sydney-936">University of Technology Sydney</a>; <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/alice-norton-1516505">Alice Norton</a>, Lecturer in Psychology, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-sydney-841">University of Sydney</a>, and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/avalon-tissue-1515840">Avalon Tissue</a>, Associate Lecturer in Clinical Psychology, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-sydney-841">University of Sydney</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/how-to-look-after-your-mental-health-while-packing-up-mum-or-dads-home-223956">original article</a>.</em></p>

Caring

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Fishing town inundated by plague of rats

<p>Communities along the Gulf of Carpentaria in Queensland have been inundated by a plague of rats, with the rodents washing up along the shores in the thousands. </p> <p>Locals and tourists have shared videos of rats washing up on the beaches of Karumba, a popular fishing town that is struggling with the "plague".</p> <p>One local resident took to Facebook to share their experience, writing, “We headed down for our nightly fishing expedition to find the beach littered with washed-up rats.”</p> <p>“We are unable to fish off the beaches at the moment due to the number of them and the smell.”</p> <p>The same local described dead rats floating in the water or washing up on the shore, with those animals that survived looking a little worse for wear. </p> <p>Kerry D Fishing Charters owner Jemma Probert told <a href="https://7news.com.au/news/qld/rat-plague-hits-fishing-town-in-queenslands-north-rocking-confidence-in-vital-tourism-industry-c-12652482" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>7News</em></a> the smell of the dead and dying rats was “horrible”.</p> <p>“They are jumping into the water and trying to swim but end up drowning and washing back up on the beach leaving a horrible smell,” she said.</p> <p>Experts say that the influx of rats to the state is due to consistent rainfall, and the subsequent increased crop harvests, as the rodents have flocked to the area looking for food.</p> <p>According to the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), the rat population has been steadily increasing since 2021, with the plague of mice and rats slowly heading north to more tropical climates. </p> <p>“Mouse populations have reached plague conditions not seen since 2011,” CSIRO researcher Steve Henry said.</p> <p>“This is largely due to favourable climatic conditions which have created optimal conditions for mice to breed.”</p> <p>Locals have also shared their theories on the influx of their rat visitors, with many speculating that ecent bushfires in the area may be causing the mass exodus of rats leaving burning bushland.</p> <p>“This happened back in the ’90s here in Karumba,” one local said. “They came ashore after (we) had fires in the area.”</p> <p>Locals are worried the unwelcome visitors may have a detrimental effect on the local tourism industry.</p> <p>“I have no idea why they are here but I hope they go quickly as this is not nice for tourists,” Probert said.</p> <p>“They have tried to crawl onto our boat while we are fishing with customers on board and we have had to flick them off with a stick.”</p> <p><em>Image credits: Facebook</em></p>

Travel Trouble

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Should we still be using RATs to test for COVID? 4 key questions answered

<p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/hassan-vally-202904">Hassan Vally</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/deakin-university-757">Deakin University</a></em></p> <p>We’re currently navigating <a href="https://www.thenewdaily.com.au/life/health/2023/11/15/covid-australia-eighth-wave">an eighth wave</a> of <a href="https://theconversation.com/were-in-a-new-covid-wave-what-can-we-expect-this-time-216820">COVID infections</a> in Australia. However the threat COVID poses to us is significantly less than it has ever been, thanks to immunity we’ve acquired through <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(22)00801-5/fulltext">a combination</a> of prior infection and vaccination.</p> <p>That said, COVID is by no means behind us. The threat of severe illness remains higher for many people, and we’re all potentially at risk of developing <a href="https://www.health.gov.au/topics/covid-19/long-covid">long COVID</a>.</p> <p>While many people appear to be doing fewer rapid antigen tests (RATs) than they used to – if any at all – with rising cases, and as we head towards the festive season, testing continues to be important.</p> <p>So what do you need to know about testing in this wave? Here are four key questions answered.</p> <h2>1. When should I do a RAT?</h2> <p>There are a few situations where determining your COVID status is important to inform your actions, particularly during an uptick in infections. With more circulating virus, your index of suspicion that you have COVID if you’re experiencing cold-like symptoms should be higher.</p> <p>RATs work best when they’re used to confirm whether you have COVID when you <a href="https://www.tga.gov.au/products/covid-19/covid-19-tests/how-testing-works-covid-19">have respiratory symptoms</a> and are infectious. So the primary use of RATs should be to determine your COVID status when you’re sick. A positive test should prompt you to isolate, and if you’re eligible, to seek antivirals.</p> <p>Testing might also be worthwhile if you’ve come into contact with someone with COVID but you haven’t developed symptoms. If you find you have in fact contracted the virus, you can take steps to avoid spreading it to other people (you can infect others even <a href="https://www.healthline.com/health/what-is-asymptomatic-covid#prevalence">when you’re asymptomatic</a>). This is especially important if you’re going to be socialising in large groups or in contact with people who are vulnerable.</p> <p>Another situation in which to consider testing, particularly at this time of year, is before attending large social gatherings. While the reliability of a RAT is never perfect, do the test as close to the event as possible, because your disease status <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/omicron-rapid-test-hour-before-party-not-day-before-expert-2021-12">can change quickly</a>.</p> <h2>2. Should I test multiple times?</h2> <p>Yes. RATs are not as sensitive as PCR tests, which is the trade-off we make for being able to do this test at home and <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/public-health-officials-pursue-covid-19-tests-that-trade-precision-for-speed-11599562800">getting a rapid result</a>.</p> <p>This means that while if you test positive with a RAT you can be very confident you have COVID, if you test negative, you cannot be as confident that you don’t have COVID. That is, the test may give you a false negative result.</p> <p>Although RATs from different manufacturers have different accuracies, all RATs approved by Australia’s Therapeutic Goods Administration must have a sensitivity of <a href="https://www.tga.gov.au/products/covid-19/covid-19-tests/covid-19-rapid-antigen-self-tests-home-use/covid-19-rapid-antigen-self-tests-are-approved-australia#:%7E:text=For%20rapid%20antigen%20tests%2C%20this,specificity%20of%20at%20least%2098%25.">at least 80%</a>.</p> <p>The way to increase your confidence in a negative result is to do multiple RATs serially – each negative test increases the confidence you can have that you don’t have COVID. If you have symptoms and have tested negative after your first RAT, <a href="https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/safety-communications/home-covid-19-antigen-tests-take-steps-reduce-your-risk-false-negative-results-fda-safety">the advice</a> is to repeat the test after 48 hours, and potentially a third time after another 48 hours if the second test is also negative.</p> <h2>3. Do RATs detect the latest variants?</h2> <p>Since RATs <a href="https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/covid-19/testing#:%7E:text=Rapid%20antigen%20tests%2C%20or%20RATs,of%20proteins%20of%20the%20virus.">detect particular surface proteins</a> on SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID), it’s theoretically possible that as the virus evolves, the reliability of these tests may be affected.</p> <p>However, RATs were designed to detect a part of the virus that is not as likely to mutate, so the hope is these tests <a href="https://www.health.com/do-covid-tests-work-new-variants-7967102">will continue to hold up</a> as SARS-CoV-2 evolves.</p> <p>The performance of RATs is continually being assessed by manufacturers. So far, there’s been no change reported in the ability of these tests to <a href="https://www.ama.com.au/articles/tga-updated-advice-rats-nearing-expiry-and-rats-efficacy-current-strains#:%7E:text=The%20TGA%20has%20received%20evidence,19%20RAT%20post%2Dmarket%20review.">detect the latest variants</a>.</p> <h2>4. Can I rely on expired RATs?</h2> <p>At this point in the pandemic, you might have a few expired tests at the back of your cupboard.</p> <p>Technically the most appropriate advice is to say you should never use a diagnostic test <a href="https://www.tga.gov.au/products/covid-19/covid-19-tests/covid-19-rapid-antigen-self-tests-home-use/covid-19-rapid-antigen-self-tests-are-approved-australia">past its expiry date</a>. As a general principle the performance of a test cannot be guaranteed beyond this date. The risk is that over time the components of the RAT degrade and if you use a test that’s not working optimally, it’s more likely to indicate <a href="https://www.health.com/can-you-use-expired-covid-test-6827970">you don’t have COVID</a> when you actually do, which may have consequences.</p> <p>However, as for all things COVID, the answer is not so black and white. Since these tests were new when they were introduced earlier in the pandemic, manufacturers didn’t have specific data on their performance over time, and so the expiry dates given were necessarily conservative.</p> <p>It’s likely these tests will work beyond the expiry dates on the packet, but just how long and how well they work is a bit of an unknown, so we need to be cautious.</p> <p>The other thing to consider is ensuring you store RATs correctly. Storage instructions should be found on the packet, but the key issue is making sure they’re not exposed to extreme temperatures. In particular, <a href="https://7news.com.au/lifestyle/health-wellbeing/how-to-properly-store-your-at-home-covid-19-rapid-antigen-tests-c-5465412">high temperatures</a> may damage the chemicals in the test which may reduce its sensitivity.</p> <h2>The path from here</h2> <p>Regular upticks in COVID cases are something we’re going to have to get used to. At these times, we should all be a bit more cautious about looking after ourselves and others as we go about our lives. What this looks like will vary for different people depending on their personal circumstances.</p> <p>However, being up to date with <a href="https://theconversation.com/what-are-the-new-covid-booster-vaccines-can-i-get-one-do-they-work-are-they-safe-217804">booster vaccinations</a>, having a plan for <a href="https://www.health.gov.au/topics/covid-19/oral-treatments">accessing antivirals</a> if you’re eligible, <a href="https://theconversation.com/with-covid-surging-should-i-wear-a-mask-217902">wearing masks</a> in high-risk settings and testing all continue to play an important role in responding to COVID.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/218016/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/hassan-vally-202904"><em>Hassan Vally</em></a><em>, Associate Professor, Epidemiology, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/deakin-university-757">Deakin University</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/should-we-still-be-using-rats-to-test-for-covid-4-key-questions-answered-218016">original article</a>.</em></p>

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How to pack like a pro

<p>Whether you’re journeying overseas or enjoying a staycation, you’re likely to leave packing until the last minute. It is the one essential task that must be taken care of before any of the fun can begin!</p> <p>Here’s how to make the most out of your suitcase and be prepared for anything.</p> <p><strong>1. Check the weather</strong></p> <p>Before you start packing, check the upcoming weather forecast for your destination. This way it’ll be easier for you to decide what kind of clothes you need to bring. It will also help to eliminate over-packing and save unnecessary weight in your luggage, and it'll leave some room for you to bring things home without another bag. </p> <p><strong>2. Pack based on your itinerary </strong></p> <p>Depending on the kind of activities you have planned, there will be certain clothing items you must bring. Make sure you check your itinerary and bring the appropriate clothing. </p> <p><strong>3. Roll your clothes</strong></p> <p>If you’re on a longer holiday and need to maximise the space in your bag, roll your clothes. Roll each clothing item separately and you’ll discover just how much more you can fit into your suitcase. </p> <p><strong>4. Limit your toiletries </strong></p> <p>Toiletries can be heavy and space consuming, so only include what you will really need. You can buy reusable, travel-sized containers and fill them with your own products to save space.</p> <p>If you're flying, do not fill the containers completely to the top as changes in air pressure during flights can cause the contents to expand and leak. </p> <p><strong>5. Make a list and check it twice</strong></p> <p>A list can help you see if you’re over or under-packing. Make sure you tick off all of your essentials as you go along.</p> <p>Make packing hassle-free and focus on the fun that's ahead of you.  </p> <p><em>Image credit: Shuterstock</em></p>

Travel Tips

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10 things that are always a waste to pack

<p>All travellers know the hardships of packing the necessities for the trip ahead. And everyone knows how many things you haven’t actually used by the time you get home again – what a waste of precious space in your luggage.</p> <p>Here is a list of 10 things to not bother packing in your suitcase.</p> <p><strong>1. Shampoo and conditioner</strong></p> <p>You can purchase these items at the places you travel. If the locals have easy access to hair products then so will you. Hotels should provide little travel-sized minis which will last a few days. Travelling with liquids can also lead to delays at security check points.</p> <p><strong>2. Shoes</strong></p> <p>Don’t pack more than two pairs of shoes – they take up unnecessary weight and space. Ensure you have a comfortable pair of walking shoes and some shoes that are nice enough to go out in at restaurants and other events.</p> <p><strong>3. Jewellery</strong></p> <p>Don’t bring your favourite expensive jewellery, you are only human and can accidentally leave items behind in hotels or apartments. You could also increase your risk of becoming a target for pickpockets. Try swapping out your diamond earrings for some cheaper substitute studs while you’re away.</p> <p><strong>4. Laptop</strong></p> <p>Don’t bring your laptop. Unless you’re travelling for work, you probably don’t need to bring a computer on your holiday. You could also become a target for thieves while travelling if they notice you have an expensive technological device with you.</p> <p><strong>5. Swimming costume</strong></p> <p>Don’t bring more than two swimming costumes. They are easy to wash and having two on hand always ensures you have a dry one to wear for the next day. Just put the swimmers in the sink filled with cool water and add some mild detergent before rinsing and wringing out to dry.</p> <p><strong>6. Hair dryer </strong></p> <p>Hair dryers are heavy and bulky, so they aren’t the easiest thing to try and squeeze into your suitcase. Hairdryers are usually provided by hotels and although yours may be nicer, they both do the same job in the end.</p> <p><strong>7. Out of season clothing </strong></p> <p>Avoid packing out of season clothing – if you’re going on a summer holiday in Europe, you probably don’t need that heavy winter coat. The excuse for packing these unnecessary items is always “just in case,” but if the situation does arise where there is an uncharacteristic change in weather, you can always buy what you need to face the day.</p> <p><strong>8. Books </strong></p> <p>Turn to paperback books or electronic tablets instead of hardcover novels. The electronic tablets are most helpful as they can contain a whole library of book options without adding the weight of a library in your suitcase. Paperback books are good when you don’t have an electronic tablet, but maybe avoid packing seven books!</p> <p><strong>9. Traveller’s checks </strong></p> <p>Traveller’s checks aren’t used anymore. Although they were once the safeguard of money while on holidays, the traveller’s checks have gone out of style. It’s unlikely you will come across a place that will accept the checks, as these have been replaced by the use of ATMs for cash and the ability to use your debit and credit cards that don’t charge an international transaction fee.</p> <p><strong>10. Double-ups </strong></p> <p>Finally, don’t bring anything your travel partner is also packing. For instance, don’t pack more than one thing that can be shared. You don’t need two tubes of toothpaste, for instance!</p> <p><em>Images: Getty</em></p>

Travel Tips

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Packing tips for domestic travel

<p dir="ltr">Domestic travel can make for some of the best trips. The unseen beauty of your own country might surprise you, so if you’re planning a domestic trip, here are some tips on how to make it easier for yourself.</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>1. Luggage</strong></p> <p dir="ltr">Get the right suitcase. Travelling domestically often means you won’t need checked luggage and can get away with carry-on bags alone. If you do need to check in baggage, then weigh your bags at home to make sure you won’t be hit with additional fees for weight restrictions.</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>2. Carry-on</strong></p> <p dir="ltr">There are a lot of items that are carry-on specific such as medications, e-cigarettes and batteries. These are items you want access to, and if a plane is held up or delayed, you’re stuck without some of your essentials. You should also pack any luxury items such as jewellery, cash and cameras. Invest in luggage locks, even for carry-on, because you’re always better safe than sorry!</p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>3. Packing liquids</strong></p> <p dir="ltr">I think most of us are aware that the maximum amount of liquid allowed on the plane is 100mL, so if you have a seven step skincare routine, then make sure to invest in a travel pack to limit the amount of product you have; this includes concealer and foundation. Even if you’ve taken out half of the contents of a bottle, if it’s still inside its original container of 100mL or more, you won’t be able to take it with you. The only exceptions for limits on liquids are medications, vital dietary supplements and essential medical items that may be required during your flight. </p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>4. Comfort items</strong></p> <p dir="ltr">Domestic travel means less time spent on the plane, so you won’t have to find ways to endure an overly uncomfortable flight. Domestic flights aren't equipped with fancy entertainment screens, so it’s a good idea to download a podcast or movie to watch on your phone, laptop or tablet. Noise cancelling headphones are also a good option. </p> <p dir="ltr"><strong>5. Biosecurity</strong></p> <p dir="ltr">Beware of what you’re packing. Different states and territories have their own restrictions when it comes to what you’re allowed to put in your luggage. Make sure you read up on the rules your desired travel destination enforces. Common items that are prohibited include vegetables, some wood products, cut flowers or objects with soil. </p> <p><span id="docs-internal-guid-c615f8c4-7fff-8390-f7c3-fa2e20ebe36e"></span></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image credit: Shutterstock</em></p>

Domestic Travel

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Is my RAT actually working? How to tell if your COVID test can detect Omicron

<p>You’ve tested negative for COVID using a rapid antigen test (RAT), but are a close contact of a positive family member and have symptoms. So you might be wondering if you’re really COVID-negative or if the test is working as well as it should.</p> <p>There are many reasons why your RAT may not give you <a href="https://theconversation.com/15-things-not-to-do-when-using-a-rapid-antigen-test-from-storing-in-the-freezer-to-sampling-snot-176364">the results</a> <a href="https://theconversation.com/my-rats-are-negative-but-i-still-think-i-might-have-covid-should-i-get-a-pcr-test-194527">you expect</a>. But one factor is whether RATs can detect the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID).</p> <p>We know the virus has mutated during the pandemic. So health authorities and researchers are investigating whether RATs can still detect the <a href="https://www.who.int/activities/tracking-SARS-CoV-2-variants">more recent versions</a> of the virus.</p> <p>The good news is, based on the <a href="https://www.tga.gov.au/sites/default/files/2022-10/post-market-review-of-antigen-and-rapid-antigen-tests-table.pdf">limited data released</a>, all RATs meant for use at home in Australia that have been independently tested so far seem to be able to detect Omicron. The bad news is that not all RATs have been independently tested yet. Yours might be one of those.</p> <h2>What do mutations have to do with RATs?</h2> <p>RATs diagnose COVID infection by detecting specific viral proteins. So there are concerns that as the virus evolves and produces altered viral proteins, this may affect the tests’ ability to diagnose COVID as well as they detected previous variants.</p> <p>Whether RATs can adequately detect Omicron has been raised by authorities and researchers in various countries including <a href="https://www.bmj.com/content/378/bmj-2022-071215">The Netherlands</a>, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35458384/">Belgium</a> and <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36339133/">Chile</a>, as well as Australia.</p> <p>One <a href="https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/jcm.01097-22">Australian study</a> tested six RATs on Delta, and Omicron lineages BA.4, BA.5 and BA.2.75. The researchers found the kits performed equally well across the different samples at higher viral loads (higher concentrations of the virus), although one kit’s overall sensitivity fell below minimum sensitivity requirements. </p> <p>However, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36339133/">some international studies</a> have found RATs are less able to detect Omicron, particularly when <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36339133/">viral loads are lower</a>.</p> <h2>So what’s the case in Australia?</h2> <p>Australia’s regulator, the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), initially relied on <a href="https://www.tga.gov.au/products/covid-19/covid-19-tests/post-market-review-antigen-and-rapid-antigen-tests">test data</a> provided by RAT manufacturers to determine the test kit met World Health Organization <a href="https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/technical-specifications-for-selection-of-essential-in-vitro-diagnostics-for-sars-cov-2">standards</a> for acceptable sensitivity (ability to detect a positive case).</p> <p>The TGA also requires manufacturers to send updated test data as new variants arise to demonstrate their test still meets those WHO standards.</p> <p>But the TGA has also commissioned <a href="https://www.tga.gov.au/products/covid-19/covid-19-tests/post-market-review-antigen-and-rapid-antigen-tests">independent testing of RATs</a> to verify how well they detect the more recent COVID variants.</p> <p>They are tested for their ability to detect the wild-type virus (the original strain), the Delta variant, and the Omicron variant. The TGA does not state which specific lineages (descendents) of Omicron are included in the testing. </p> <p>As it completes its analysis on individual tests (or groups of tests), the TGA reports them in a <a href="https://www.tga.gov.au/sites/default/files/2022-10/post-market-review-of-antigen-and-rapid-antigen-tests-table.pdf">table that’s publicly available</a>, which will be updated as more data come in.</p> <h2>What does the table tell us?</h2> <p>You can look up the brand name, manufacturer and batch number of the RAT you have at home. Look for those labelled “self-tests” (more on the different types of tests and their results later).</p> <p>The most important columns in the table are those that indicate whether the kit passed its independent validation. Look for four ticks to indicate the kit meets minimum standards for detecting the original virus, Delta and Omicron variants, and has passed the quality test. A cross indicates is has not passed that component of the validation.</p> <p>Haven’t found a result for your RAT? </p> <p>If a product comes in two versions – a self-test and a type of test used in health-care facilities known as a point-of-care test (POCT in the table) – only one may be tested.</p> <p>If that’s the case, the symbol † means testing was only done on one version and you can use those results for your test. Look for a matching registration number to make sure you’re comparing like with like.</p> <p>The final column indicates what type of data the manufacturer has provided. Some manufacturers have tested the sensitivity of their kits for Omicron lineages BA.4 and BA.5.</p> <h2>What does the table not tell us?</h2> <p>Just because your test has no ticks or crosses against it, this doesn’t mean it can’t detect Omicron. It could be that the independent validation has yet to be completed or uploaded to the table. So the jury is out.</p> <p>The table also does not tell us what lineages of Omicron were tested for, although in some cases the manufacturer has supplied clinical test data. </p> <p>The table data were only current as of October. Seeing as the number of cases of sub-variant infections <a href="https://theconversation.com/what-can-we-expect-from-this-latest-covid-wave-and-how-long-is-it-likely-to-last-194444">has risen since then</a>, so we don’t really know if that is impacting on the sensitivity of even those tests that have recently been validated.</p> <h2>I’ve grappled with the table, now what?</h2> <p>If your brand of RAT has the ticks, particularly for Omicron, it has been assessed has having an acceptable sensitivity. If you are buying a RAT, check the table to see if that brand has been tested for sensitivity to the Omicron variant. </p> <p>If your test has been sitting in a cupboard for months, check the expiry date before you use it. Also consider whether it has been stored at the correct temperature during that time (the instruction leaflet will tell you what that is).</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/is-my-rat-actually-working-how-to-tell-if-your-covid-test-can-detect-omicron-196210" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation</a>. </em></p>

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12 suitcase packing mistakes that could ruin your holiday

<p>There is a lot to consider when packing for the perfect holiday such as the weather and daily activities, but even more so now with the added burden of covid. Knowing that, it’s important to reach out to places at your destination for any coronavirus-related information. We spoke to travel experts who offered some tips on eliminating common mistakes when travelling, even in a post-pandemic world.</p> <p><strong>Mistake: when you have a "when in doubt" mindset</strong></p> <p>“We don’t need to take our entire wardrobe with us nor do we need to take our entire shoe collection,” says Suzanne of Philatravelgirlcom. “The key is to pack around a colour scheme and pack layers for day and night. As hard as it is, three pair of shoes is generally good – everyday, sandals, and dress shoes.” It’s also likely you will be able to wear your bottoms more than once, so pack more tops that you can match with the same pair of jeans.</p> <p><strong>Mistake: you wait until the last minute</strong></p> <p>“Then you’re stressed and can’t think clearly, so you end up packing too many options and don’t have what you need,” says personal stylist, Dacy Gillespie. Start packing a few days in advance. Make a list of the activities on your itinerary to determine what you need: comfy shoes vs sandals, dressy clothes vs casual, etc.</p> <p><strong>Mistake: you forget to check your destination's weather</strong></p> <p>Put your weather app to good use. “This way you won’t be stuck with all pants if it’s hot or no jacket if it’s cool,” explains digital marketing executive, Yasir Shamim.</p> <p><strong>Mistake: you fold instead of roll</strong></p> <p>“The biggest suitcase mistake I was guilty of before my husband finally (lovingly) harassed me out of it was folding instead of rolling,” says Jennifer Walden, director of operations at WikiLawn. “Folding just made more sense to me, and I assumed it wouldn’t make that big of a difference. But I actually had more problems with wrinkles when folding, and certainly less space overall. ” Tightly rolling your clothes will actually allow you to fit a lot more in your suitcase than if you were to fold.</p> <p><strong>Mistake: you don't make the most of your shoes</strong></p> <p>“I love to stuff small items like jewellery, underwear, or socks in my shoes. This saves a lot of space,” says Gillespie. Slip each pair in a Ziploc or plastic grocery bag to avoid spreading dirt.</p> <p><strong>Mistake: you don't factor in souvenirs</strong></p> <p>Overdo it on shopping and your suitcase might not zip up on your way home, possibly adding an extra bag on the way home. “If people tend to buy many souvenirs, the best practice is to carry a separate bag,” claims marketing expert, Jeremy Owens. “However, you need to make sure that you can handle your possessions after buying the souvenirs. Before going on the trip, fill the souvenir bag with mock items, and carry it with other belongings. You need to let go of some items if the total weight is more than you can handle.”</p> <p><strong>Mistake: you buy a whole new wardrobe specifically for your trip</strong></p> <p>“Don’t try a new look on vacation!” says Gillespie. New clothes you’re not used to wearing may not fit as well or look as good as they did in the dressing room when you bought them. Instead, “stick with trusted outfits you know you look good in,” she says. Pay attention to fabrics – knits and denim travel well; silk and linen wrinkle easily.</p> <p><strong>Mistake: you want one whole suitcase all to yourself</strong></p> <p>If you’re travelling with a partner, it seems logical to each pack your own suitcase. But if a piece of luggage gets lost, one of you is left with nothing. “If you are travelling with your partner, it would be best to put half of your things in their suitcase and vice versa,” explains Jeremy Harrison, founder of Hustle Life.  “In case you lose your luggage, you still have half of your stuff to use!”</p> <p><strong>Mistake: you don't keep your toiletries well contained</strong></p> <p>If it is capable of leaking, assume it will. Place all non-solids like hair gel, shampoo, or mouthwash in a zip-top bag to keep your stuff safe from any potential spillage. “Don’t just put your shampoo into your suitcase and expect things to turn out fine,” explains Walden. “Even if you’ve never opened it. Put toiletries in a zip-top bag! If you don’t want certain products mixing, use several different bags. Press the air out of them before sealing. Sometimes I’ll even put them inside a plastic grocery bag, too, just to be extra safe.”</p> <p><strong>Mistake: you throw our your packing list</strong></p> <p>A packing list can help make sure you don’t forget anything important, but don’t chuck it in the bin when you’re finished. “Make a list a week in advance,” says etiquette expert, April Masini. “Go over it several times throughout the week. Put your packable items out the night before. Go through them the next day. And then, when you’re sure you have everything you need, pack your suitcase.”</p> <p><strong>Mistake: you don't bring enough masks</strong></p> <p>Even if masks aren’t required in your hometown, they may be required elsewhere, especially if you are travelling by plane or taking public transportation. “Even if you’re using cloth masks, you should pack several,” explains Walden. “You can’t rely on being able to wash them where you’re staying, and no one really wants to do laundry on a vacation anyway.”</p> <p><strong>Mistake: you don't bring your own cleaning products </strong></p> <p>You may not want to rely on others to keep spaces clean for you so it’s best to pack extra hand sanitiser and disinfecting wipes to ensure clean surfaces, especially in a hotel room. “Post-coronavirus I am including a pillowcase as well as a fabric sanitiser for bedding,” says lifestyle influencer, Amra Beganovich. “Even though many places have imposed a stricter cleaning regiment during the pandemic, taking additional safety measures can help you feel at ease.”</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/travel/12-suitcase-packing-mistakes-that-could-ruin-your-holiday" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader's Digest</a>. </em></p> <p> </p>

Travel Tips

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12 suitcase packing mistakes that could ruin your holiday

<h3>Eliminating mistakes</h3> <p>There is a lot to consider when packing for the perfect holiday such as the weather and daily activities, but even more so now with the added burden of covid. Knowing that, it’s important to reach out to places at your destination for any coronavirus-related information. We spoke to travel experts who offered some tips on eliminating common mistakes when travelling, even in a post-pandemic world.</p> <div class="slide-image" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif, Arial; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #444444; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> </div> <h3>Mistake: you have a ‘when in doubt’ mindset</h3> <p>“We don’t need to take our entire wardrobe with us nor do we need to take our entire shoe collection,” says Suzanne of Philatravelgirlcom. “The key is to pack around a colour scheme and pack layers for day and night. As hard as it is, three pair of shoes is generally good – everyday, sandals, and dress shoes.” It’s also likely you will be able to wear your bottoms more than once, so pack more tops that you can match with the same pair of jeans.</p> <h3>Mistake: You wait until the last minute</h3> <p>“Then you’re stressed and can’t think clearly, so you end up packing too many options and don’t have what you need,” says personal stylist, Dacy Gillespie. Start packing a few days in advance. Make a list of the activities on your itinerary to determine what you need: comfy shoes vs sandals, dressy clothes vs casual, etc.</p> <h3>Mistake: You forget to check your destinations weather</h3> <p>Put your weather app to good use. “This way you won’t be stuck with all pants if it’s hot or no jacket if it’s cool,” explains digital marketing executive, Yasir Shamim.</p> <h3>Mistake: You fold instead of roll</h3> <p>“The biggest suitcase mistake I was guilty of before my husband finally (lovingly) harassed me out of it was folding instead of rolling,” says Jennifer Walden, director of operations at WikiLawn. “Folding just made more sense to me, and I assumed it wouldn’t make that big of a difference. But I actually had more problems with wrinkles when folding, and certainly less space overall. ” Tightly rolling your clothes will actually allow you to fit a lot more in your suitcase than if you were to fold.</p> <h3>Mistake: You don't make the most of your shoes</h3> <p>“I love to stuff small items like jewellery, underwear, or socks in my shoes. This saves a lot of space,” says Gillespie. Slip each pair in a Ziploc or plastic grocery bag to avoid spreading dirt.</p> <h3>Mistake: You don't factor in souvenirs </h3> <p>Overdo it on shopping and your suitcase might not zip up on your way home, possibly adding an extra bag on the way home. “If people tend to buy many souvenirs, the best practice is to carry a separate bag,” claims marketing expert, Jeremy Owens. “However, you need to make sure that you can handle your possessions after buying the souvenirs. Before going on the trip, fill the souvenir bag with mock items, and carry it with other belongings. You need to let go of some items if the total weight is more than you can handle.”</p> <h3>Mistake: You buy a whole new wardrobe specifically for your trip</h3> <p>Don’t try a new look on vacation!” says Gillespie. New clothes you’re not used to wearing may not fit as well or look as good as they did in the dressing room when you bought them. Instead, “stick with trusted outfits you know you look good in,” she says. Pay attention to fabrics – knits and denim travel well; silk and linen wrinkle easily.</p> <h3>Mistake: You want one whole suitcase to yourself</h3> <p>If you’re travelling with a partner, it seems logical to each pack your own suitcase. But if a piece of luggage gets lost, one of you is left with nothing. “If you are travelling with your partner, it would be best to put half of your things in their suitcase and vice versa,” explains Jeremy Harrison, founder of Hustle Life.  “In case you lose your luggage, you still have half of your stuff to use!”</p> <h3>Mistake: You don't keep your toiletries well contained</h3> <p>If it is capable of leaking, assume it will. Place all non-solids like hair gel, shampoo, or mouthwash in a zip-top bag to keep your stuff safe from any potential spillage. “Don’t just put your shampoo into your suitcase and expect things to turn out fine,” explains Walden. “Even if you’ve never opened it. Put toiletries in a zip-top bag! If you don’t want certain products mixing, use several different bags. Press the air out of them before sealing. Sometimes I’ll even put them inside a plastic grocery bag, too, just to be extra safe.”</p> <h3>Mistake: You throw out your packing list</h3> <p>A packing list can help make sure you don’t forget anything important, but don’t chuck it in the bin when you’re finished. “Make a list a week in advance,” says etiquette expert, April Masini. “Go over it several times throughout the week. Put your packable items out the night before. Go through them the next day. And then, when you’re sure you have everything you need, pack your suitcase.”</p> <h3>Mistake: Not bringing enough masks</h3> <p>Even if masks aren’t required in your hometown, they may be required elsewhere, especially if you are travelling by plane or taking public transportation. “Even if you’re using cloth masks, you should pack several,” explains Walden. “You can’t rely on being able to wash them where you’re staying, and no one really wants to do laundry on a vacation anyway.”</p> <h3>Mistake: You don't bring your own cleaning products</h3> <p>You may not want to rely on others to keep spaces clean for you so it’s best to pack extra hand sanitiser and disinfecting wipes to ensure clean surfaces, especially in a hotel room. “Post-coronavirus I am including a pillowcase as well as a fabric sanitiser for bedding,” says lifestyle influencer, Amra Beganovich. “Even though many places have imposed a stricter cleaning regiment during the pandemic, taking additional safety measures can help you feel at ease.”</p> <p>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/travel/12-suitcase-packing-mistakes-that-could-ruin-your-holiday" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader's Digest</a>.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>

Domestic Travel

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COVID-19 virus-detecting mask can alert of exposure via your smartphone

<p>Move over <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/health/covid/rise-of-rapid-antigen-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">inaccurate RATs</a>. Get out of my nose and throat PCR swab tests. There’s a new method of COVID-19 detection and it’s wearable.</p> <p>A research team from Tongji University in China, has created a face mask that can detect COVID-19 (as well as other common respiratory viruses such as colds and influenza) and send an alert to your smartphone.</p> <p>The mask is highly sensitive, with the inbuilt sensor able to detect the virus <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/health/lets-clear-the-air-on-ventilation-cosmos-weekly-taster/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">in the air</a> after only ten minute’s exposure at extremely low concentrations – far less than produced by sneezing, coughing or talking.</p> <p>“Previous research has shown face mask wearing can reduce the risk of spreading and contracting the disease. So, we wanted to create a mask that can detect the presence of virus in the air and alert the wearer,” says Yin Fang, an author of the study and a material scientist at Shanghai Tongji University.</p> <div class="newsletter-box"> <div id="wpcf7-f6-p214217-o1" class="wpcf7" dir="ltr" lang="en-US" role="form"> <form class="wpcf7-form mailchimp-ext-0.5.62 spai-bg-prepared init" action="/science/covid-19-detecting-mask-smartphone/#wpcf7-f6-p214217-o1" method="post" novalidate="novalidate" data-status="init"> <p style="display: none !important;"><span class="wpcf7-form-control-wrap referer-page"><input class="wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-text referer-page" name="referer-page" type="hidden" value="https://cosmosmagazine.com/people/" data-value="https://cosmosmagazine.com/people/" aria-invalid="false" /></span></p> <p><!-- Chimpmail extension by Renzo Johnson --></form> </div> </div> <p>The sensor on the mask has tiny synthetic molecules – called ‘aptamers’ – which are able to be tweaked to detect proteins unique to specific pathogens, such as SARS-Cov-2, H5N1 (colloquially known as ‘bird flu’) and H1N1 (‘swine flu’). Once the aptamer detects the virus, the sensor amplifies the signal via a specialised component known as an <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344400852_Ion-Gated_Transistor_An_Enabler_for_Sensing_and_Computing_Integration" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ion-gate transistor</a> (which is highly sensitive and able to detect very low voltage signals) and sends an alert to the user’s phone.</p> <p>“Our mask would work really well in spaces with poor ventilation, such as elevators or enclosed rooms, where the <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/health/covid-ventilation-standards/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">risk of getting infected is high</a>,” Fang says. The device is also highly customisable and can be swiftly modified to detect new and emerging threats.</p> <p>This is not the first time <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/health/smart-masks-to-detect-covid-19/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">‘smart masks’ have been created</a> to detect COVID-19, but what sets these devices apart is their sensitivity and ‘tunability’ to different viruses.</p> <p>The team is working on reducing the detection time and increasing the sensitivity of their devices. In the future, they hope the technology could be expanded to further applications and wearables for other conditions such as cancers and heart diseases.</p> <p>“Currently, doctors have been relying heavily on their experiences in diagnosing and treating diseases. But with richer data collected by wearable devices, disease diagnosis and treatment can become more precise,” Fang says.</p> <p><!-- Start of tracking content syndication. Please do not remove this section as it allows us to keep track of republished articles --></p> <p><img id="cosmos-post-tracker" style="opacity: 0; height: 1px!important; width: 1px!important; border: 0!important; position: absolute!important; z-index: -1!important;" src="https://syndication.cosmosmagazine.com/?id=214217&amp;title=COVID-19+virus-detecting+mask+can+alert+of+exposure+via+your+smartphone" width="1" height="1" /></p> <p><!-- End of tracking content syndication --></p> <div id="contributors"> <p><em><a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/science/covid-19-detecting-mask-smartphone/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">This article</a> was originally published on <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Cosmos Magazine</a> and was written by <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/contributor/clare-kenyon" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Clare Kenyon</a>. Clare Kenyon is a science journalist for Cosmos. An ex-high school teacher, she is currently wrangling the death throes of her PhD in astrophysics, has a Masters in astronomy and another in education. Clare also has diplomas in music and criminology and a graduate certificate of leadership and learning.</em></p> <p><em>Image: Getty Images</em></p> </div>

Technology

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8 genius packing tips from flight attendants

<p>Taking the time to plan what to pack before you fly can save you time, money and hassle. “How many times do you pack a lot of stuff, but never wear half of it?” asks flight attendant Michele Radon. “Lay it out before you pack it. You may find that you’ll be able to wear a pair of pants with two different tops.”</p> <p>It’s also OK to wear the same thing twice, adds flight attendant Abagail Valencia. When it comes to handbags and dress shoes, choose just one and wear your bulkiest items such as coats, suit jackets and boots, when you travel. Mix and match your go-to travel outfits. A favourite top, blazer and tailored pants can be mixed and matched for both casual and unexpected dressier occasions. The following useful tips will help make your next trip a breeze.</p> <p><strong>Pack "double duty" clothes</strong></p> <p>If you want to travel light, simplify your travel wardrobe to include items that can serve more than one purpose. A comfortable jumper or pashmina wrap, for example, is essential, says Radon. Airlines don’t always give out blankets, so you can use it as a blanket or a ‘pillow’ when on the plane and then wear it.</p> <p>Pack one pair of jeans and one pair of black pants that can be dressed up or down, suggests Valencia. A couple of T-shirts is all you need for casual wear, and one dressy shirt will suffice when going out at night, she says. If you need dressier attire, add a black dress, scarf and heels, while a smart blazer should work for men.</p> <p><strong>Streamline your toiletries bag</strong></p> <p>When travelling light, streamline your getting-ready routine, explains flight attendant Jane Frilicci. If you’re not dedicated to a certain brand, just use the shampoo, conditioner, body wash and body lotion the hotel supplies and use the hotel’s hairdryer. Be careful of taking bulky glass aftershave and perfume which can break or is not allowed in hand luggage on international trips. Consider using up sample size atomisers or refillable sprays, roll or cream perfume instead.</p> <p>Take the opportunity to use up those sample size products you’ve been storing or fill your favourite product in travel size storage. If you’re going to a remote place or a resort area, prices may be high and you may not be able to buy whatever you need, so taking enough to last the trip makes sense. Frilicci recommends getting a clear travel bag so you can see all of your toiletries when going through security and on your trip.</p> <p><strong>Compress and protect</strong></p> <p>Bulky items such as puffy coats for colder destinations that take up a lot of room in your suitcase can be managed by using compression cubes. If you have to travel with bulky items, compression space bags can easily compress your clothes, says Valencia.</p> <p>They save room in your suitcase and protect your items from dirt, moisture, odours and allergens.</p> <p><strong>Keep kids occupied and other passengers happy</strong></p> <p>Parents need to be prepared when travelling with kids, says Frilicci. “People get bent out of shape when there is a screaming kid, especially when they’re trying to sleep.”</p> <p>To keep kids and passengers happy, Frilicci suggests packing a new toy, not an old one. Some parents make gift bags for the passengers seated next to them – including packaged sweets, earplugs and a note that says something like “Hi, I’m Jake, I’m three months old, and I’m not the best traveller so you might hear my loud voice.”</p> <p><strong>Keep useful items in your carry-on bag</strong></p> <p>“Keep a separate carry-on bag with all of your essentials that you need to access during the flight – things such as a toothbrush, make-up, passport and a pen,” Frilicci says.</p> <p><strong>Be prepared for delays</strong></p> <p>Weather, mechanical problems and air traffic are just some of the reasons flights get delayed. To prepare for the possibility of delays, Radon suggests packing snacks that keep well, such as nuts, muesli bars or cheese sticks. For international flights with liquid restrictions, she suggests bringing along an empty water bottle and filling it at a water fountain once you’re through security.</p> <p>Other items to consider include headache tablets, allergy medicine, anything for blocked ears including gum to chew, and lotion, because being on a plane makes your skin dry, explains Radon. Another item she won’t leave home without? Disinfectant wipes. “After a few hours, the bathrooms can become unkempt.”</p> <p><strong>Prioritise what shoes to pack</strong></p> <p>Shoes take up so much room in your suitcase and should never touch your clothes, says Frilicci. “There really is no easy answer when it comes to packing them.” To maximise space, she tucks jewellery and other small items into the shoes and then puts them in shoe bags. Another tip is to pack rubber flip flops to ensure you don’t walk barefoot on the hotel or plane floor.</p> <p><strong>Be smart with your electronics</strong></p> <p>Travelling with too many devices can seriously weigh you down. Determining whether you can or cannot live without your mobile phone, laptop, headphones and iPad is a personal decision, but at least streamline the cords and chargers. Frilicci recommends keeping all of your cords and a portable charger wrapped neatly in a small container or zippered pouch.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/travel/flights/8-genius-packing-tips-flight-attendants" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader's Digest</a>.</em></p>

Travel Tips

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One of Australia’s last surviving ‘Rats of Tobruk’ passes away aged 102

<p dir="ltr">Dennis Davis, a World War II veteran and one of Australia’s last surviving ‘Rats of Tobruk’ has passed away aged 102.</p> <p dir="ltr">Mr Davis was one of 14,000 diggers who held out against German and Italian forces in the 241-day siege on Libya’s Tobruk port in 1941.</p> <p dir="ltr">The Aussie soldiers, along with another 5,000 allied soldiers, were dubbed the ‘Rats of Tobruk’ for their efforts over the eight-month campaign.</p> <p dir="ltr">After falling ill in the days before Anzac Day this year, Mr Davis secured a leave pass from the hospital so that he could still attend an Anzac ceremony at Sydney’s Town Hall, where he laid a wreath in honour of his fellow veterans.</p> <p dir="ltr">“It was harder to get out of the hospital than it was to get out of the army,” he joked to his family, according to the Australian Remembrance Foundation.</p> <p><span id="docs-internal-guid-93834177-7fff-a6cd-81e6-44a2f7f70cc6"></span></p> <p dir="ltr">During Channel 7’s ‘Lest We Forget’ concert tribute to the ANZACs earlier this year, Mr Davis was the subject of a Veteran’s Tribute, before he laid the wreath at the Town Hall Anzac Day service.</p> <p><iframe title="YouTube video player" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/oaq3RS9Rffk?start=904&amp;end=1174" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe></p> <p dir="ltr">On Monday, August 15, Mr Davis attended a ceremony at the cenotaph in Sydney’s Martin Place with fellow veterans to mark the 77th Victory in the Pacific Day.</p> <p dir="ltr">The foundation announced Mr Davis’ passing on Thursday, August 18, as reported by the AAP.</p> <p dir="ltr"><a href="https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/stories-service/veterans-stories/dennis-daviss-story" target="_blank" rel="noopener">His story</a> is also included in the Department of Veterans’ Affairs stories of service program, which shares the experiences of veterans to support education in Australia’s military history.</p> <p dir="ltr">After migrating from London to Australia, Mr Davis enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force in 1940, serving in the Middle East, New Guinea and Borneo during WWII.</p> <p dir="ltr">Following his involvement in the Seige of Tobruk and battles at El Alamein, Mr Davis was sent to serve in a newly formed ski unit.</p> <p dir="ltr">On his return to Australia, he married his fiancé Margaret before departing again to serve in New Guinea and Borneo.</p> <p dir="ltr">Mr Davis was finally discharged in November 1945 and returned to his job at the tax office.</p> <p dir="ltr">He was married to Margaret for 61 years before she passed away in 2004, and they are both survived by two children, seven grandchildren, and 20 great-grandchildren.</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-0e00ab4d-7fff-d18b-d13f-756758a25c16"></span></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: Veterans’ Foundation (Facebook)</em></p>

Caring

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How to pack your carry-on luggage

<p>Depending on what luggage you travel with, your baggage can determine how easy you find your travels. Savvy travellers, who often pack light, get through security faster and have an easier time on the plane. Carry-ons don’t have to be used as supplementary baggage for your next trip, you can, in fact use it as your primary bag. It will force you to travel light, save you time at baggage collection, any extra luggage fees - plus, your bag cannot be lost by the airline.</p> <p>Here's a guide to not only packing light, but packing right!</p> <p><strong>Choosing a bag:</strong> Even for carry-on, size matters. Most airlines now have restrictions on the size and weight of your bag. Check with the airline as to what your allowance is. In any case, opt for a bag that is light and has lots of room inside without being too flimsy. You want something sturdy and durable but that doesn’t weigh you down before you’ve packed it. A bag that has wheels and a handle will allow you to get around with ease and quickly if need be.</p> <p><strong>Getting dressed:</strong> Wear your heaviest items on the plane – think denim, heavy shoes and a jacket, if you intend to pack one.</p> <p><strong>Wearable luggage:</strong> This sounds strange but if you want to maximise your carry-on packing space – this is especially useful if you are only travelling with carry-on – then you might want to consider buying some wearable luggage like a bum bag or cross-body bag that sits flat against you. You can put items in here like passport, phone, money and cards and a couple of little items which will free up some space in your bag. Every bit counts!</p> <p><strong>What to pack:</strong> You’ll want to ensure you pack all of your essential items in your carry-on bag. This is not only important to ensure nothing gets stolen, but if your bag is lost at least when you land you will have enough essential items to comfortably get by until alternative arrangements are made or your bag is returned to you. Essential carry-on bag items include: passport, return flight details, accommodation and transport information, cash and cards, pen, home house key, key electronics such a phone and tablet or laptop along with the chargers, change of clothes, mini bag to house your at-seat essentials so you don’t have to get up and down to the overhead compartment, headphones, medication, glasses and possibly a snack and bottle of water.</p> <p><strong>Perfect packing:</strong> Roll your clothes as not only will it allows you to fit them into corners and in between items when packing, but they surprisingly come out almost wrinkle free. Layering is the key technique of master packers. Think of your bag as being divided into three horizontal layers. Place shoes and any other bulky or hard items (like a travel hair dryer) in first as the bottom layer. Fill in the space between these items with smaller things like underwear, T-shirts, toiletries etc. The second layer is for larger clothing items and the third tier is for anything you might to access on your way to your destination. Then the majority of your toiletries (packed in your clear bag) should go in this layer, too. Also anything else that might break or spill – think make-up – should be on top so other items don’t squish them.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images </em></p>

Travel Tips

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5 things NOT to pack on a cruise

<p>We’ve all been guilty of over-packing in the past, and apart from it being annoying, it can also be hazardous. Whether they're banned by cruise lines officials for safety reasons or said to be unnecessary items by seasoned cruisers, think twice about bringing the following items on board. </p> <p><strong>1. Appliances</strong></p> <p>Coffee makers, hot plates and that clothes iron you have your eye are all a definitive no go. Remember, cruise lines have strict rules to prevent fires and leaving these items at home wont impede your experience. There are laundromats and plenty of cooked food on board.  If you’re still concerned, purchase a wrinkle releasing spray and make use of garment bags.</p> <p><strong>2. Weapons and restraints</strong></p> <p>It goes without saying that you should leave your nunchucks at home, but even your Swiss army knife might not make it through. Most cruise lines allow passengers to bring knives on board, as long as the blades are less than four-inches long. But in this age of heightened security awareness, we've heard plenty of stories from passengers saying airport or ship security gave them the stink eye and confiscated the item, however essential they argued it was. Remember, the bartender will be there to open your beer, and you probably won't have a need to saw anything in the wilderness.  </p> <p><strong>3. Spirits</strong></p> <p>Passengers are beholden to a cruise line's bar prices, don't think you can get around overpriced drinks with a BYO mentality. If you're discovered sneaking alcohol on board, you might be shamed in front of fellow passengers and made to report to the captain. The good news in that wine is usually allowed.</p> <p><strong>4. Multiple books</strong></p> <p>Of course, make sure your holiday read is right where you want it, but don’t bother binging lots of options. Ships have libraries, and passengers are often surprised by the quality of the selections. </p> <p><strong>5. Toys that will get you in trouble</strong></p> <p>The general rule here is if you have to think twice, it’s probably not okay. Packing a deck of cards or a game that can easily fold up into your luggage is always a safe bet but kites, Segway’s, hover boards or motorised cars should be left at home. </p> <p><strong>Related lunks:</strong></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.oversixty.co.nz/travel/cruising/2016/05/5-things-you-must-do-to-avoid-seasickness-on-a-cruise/"><em>5 things you MUST do to avoid seasickness on a cruise</em></a></strong></span></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.oversixty.co.nz/travel/cruising/2016/05/10-things-you-must-never-do-in-a-cruise-cabin/"><em>10 things you must never do in a cruise cabin</em></a></strong></span></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a href="http://www.oversixty.co.nz/travel/cruising/2016/05/po-ships-first-new-zealand-cruise/"><em>P&O’s first cruise around New Zealand</em></a></strong></span></p>

Cruising

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Covid tests to be tax deductible – with a catch

<p dir="ltr">The end of the financial year is just around the corner and the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) has announced something extra we can claim.</p> <p dir="ltr">Understandably, as Australia tried to get back to normal as possible, some workplaces required their employees to undergo RAT tests - either at their own expense or the company’s. </p> <p dir="ltr">The ATO’s Assistant Commissioner Tim Loh said people who were required to buy RAT tests to ensure they can go to work can claim it on their tax return from July 1.</p> <p dir="ltr">"We know that many have faced significant challenges," he said. </p> <p dir="ltr">A receipt must be provided showing proof of payment for the test, otherwise the ATO will also accept a bank or credit card statement with documentation from employers as evidence. </p> <p dir="ltr">People who were reimbursed by their employer will not be able to claim their tests on tax.</p> <p dir="ltr">Mr Loh also said that the tax deduction is only acceptable for work-related purposes. </p> <p dir="ltr">“If you purchased a COVID-19 test for a trip with your mates, you can’t claim a deduction.”</p> <p dir="ltr">Other items workers will be able to claim as deductions include protective uniforms. </p> <p dir="ltr">“If you’re spending your working day in close proximity to customers and at risk of contracting COVID-19, you may be able to claim a deduction for protective items such as gloves, face masks, or sanitiser.”</p> <p dir="ltr">The federal COVID-19 disaster payment will not be taxed and does not need to be included in returns.</p> <p dir="ltr">Otherwise, JobSeeker and Pandemic Leave Disaster payments are taxable and do need to be included.</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: Shutterstock</em></p>

Money & Banking

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What to pack for a cruise – and 6 things not to bring

<p>Packing for a cruise is a lot like packing for any other holiday. You’ll want to bring comfy walking shoes for sightseeing and to leave your best jewellery at home. But there are other items – beyond seasickness medications – that expert cruisers never set sail without. Here, a few of our favourite professional cruisers tell us what you’ll find in their suitcases.</p> <p><strong>Do: Stash all your pool items in your carry-on bag</strong></p> <p>“You may not see your checked bag until late on your first day on board,” says Gene Sloan, cruise editor of USA Today. “It can take hours from the time you drop your bag off with the ship-side porters for it to arrive up in your room.” As a result, when we asked him what to pack for a cruise, he recommended stashing your swimsuit, sunglasses and suntan lotion in your day bag so you have them available immediately upon arrival.</p> <p><strong>Do: Pack clothing that can be layered</strong></p> <p>“Weather from port to port can vary significantly,” explains Colleen McDaniel, senior executive editor of CruiseCritic.com. “Packing layers can help combat temperature changes, without the need to pack multiple outfits that can take up precious room in your suitcase.” McDaniel adds that this is especially important in places where the weather is unpredictable.</p> <p><strong>Don’t: Leave home without sunscreen and aloe vera</strong></p> <p>“Chances are you’ll get more sun than you’re used to,” says McDaniel. “And while a good sunscreen can keep you from getting burned, aloe vera will give you some relief if you do.” So when you’re thinking about what to pack for a cruise, remember to buy the sunscreen and after-sun lotion at home – you could end up paying a markup on many ships.</p> <p><strong>Do: Bring a portable charger or two</strong></p> <p>If you’re someone who doesn’t like to unplug during a vacation, this one is a biggie – especially if you have more than one device or spend hours on social media or email. “You won’t have easy access to outlets around the ship,” explains Fran Golden, chief contributor of Porthole magazine. “And there may be a limited number of outlets in your cabin.”</p> <p><strong>Do: Toss your portable mug in your bag</strong></p> <p>Cruise ships often have complimentary coffee, and it’s usually part of the deck buffet. But your cabin isn’t, so many people go up on deck, grab a couple mugs of coffee first thing in the morning, and burn themselves as they walk back to their cabin. Mike Jirout, founder of the Ship Mate App, has this clever suggestion in his blog: If you’re a big coffee drinker, pack a portable mug with a lid in your suitcase. Travelling with kids? You’ll want sippy cups for their morning milk or juice.</p> <p><strong>Do: Throw in some kitchen magnets</strong></p> <p>“Little-known fact for those who haven’t cruised before: Cruise cabin walls are made of steel,” says McDaniel. “Packing magnets – or magnetic hooks – can help keep track of daily programs and other loose papers, or make it easy to hang items that need to dry. We’ve also used heavy-duty magnetic hooks for stashing away cameras, lanyards and even binoculars.”</p> <p><strong>Do: Bring along a marker board</strong></p> <p>If you’re travelling with a group of friends or family, magnetic marker boards are handy to bring along, says McDaniel. “Hang one outside your cabin door so that you can leave notes for your travel companions.” Now, you’ll never miss out on meeting spots or reservation details.</p> <p><strong>Do: Pick up a pashmina</strong></p> <p>Just because you’re heading to a tropical region, doesn’t mean you won’t want to bring a cover-up to use on board. “I always pack a shawl (a tan cashmere is my go-to-these days), even in tropical climates,” explains Golden, “because sometimes the air-conditioning on ships is intense.” Also, as ships reach full speed, the wind on outdoor decks picks up, and you’ll be happy you brought along a wrap.</p> <p><strong>Do: Pack plenty of reading material</strong></p> <p>“Make sure you have a couple of books on your Kindle or iPad, because for once in your busy life, on a cruise ship you will actually have time to read,” says Golden. “Sometimes I’ll even pick novels based on the destination where I am cruising, or a sea theme. If I have a balcony cabin, the balcony becomes my favourite reading spot.”</p> <p><strong>Do: Invest in a small blow-up pool</strong></p> <p>“One complaint that we hear a lot from those travelling with young kids,” says McDaniel, “is that many cruise cabin bathrooms don’t have bathtubs. A simple solution is to bring a small blow-up pool to place in the shower stall and use as a makeshift tub for the little ones.”</p> <p><strong>Do: Bring your own hot sauce</strong></p> <p>“Cruise lines do a lot of things right on ships, but for the most part, stocking condiments is not one of them,” says Sloan. (The exception is ketchup on kid-friendly ships, where it’s ubiquitous.) “You’ll find the occasional bottle of Tabasco on the buffet line of many ships, but little else with a punch.”</p> <p><strong>Do: Pack some spare change</strong></p> <p>Irons are a no-no at sea (too much of a fire hazard), but that doesn’t mean you’re stuck wearing just-pulled-out-of-a-suitcase clothing. Instead of showing up for dinner looking like an unmade bed, consider one of these tips. “Many cruise ships have self-service laundrettes that offer irons (and ironing boards) as well as pressing services (for a fee),” says McDaniel.</p> <p><strong>Or some wrinkle-release spray</strong></p> <p>Worried about wrinkles, but not into the idea of ironing on vacation? Try bringing along some wrinkle-release spray for a fast fix. It’s not a perfect solution, but it will certainly do in a pinch – and leave you more time for the pool or the spa.</p> <p><strong>Do: Grab a bathroom-door organiser</strong></p> <p>Bathroom counters are small on many ships, so Jirout suggests packing one of these compartmentalised organisers so you have a place to put your loose items. Best of all, it keeps them clean and prevents them from rolling around when the seas get rough.</p> <p><strong>Don’t: Overpack</strong></p> <p>Just because you don’t have to pack and unpack at every destination doesn’t mean you should allow yourself to overpack when it comes to clothing and shoes. “It’s liberating to travel light,” says Sloan, adding that (as we previously mentioned) many cruise ships have self-serve laundry machines.</p> <p><strong>Don’t: Waste space on bottled water</strong></p> <p>“Yes, bottled water can be expensive on ships, and yes, some lines let you carry on water in your bags so you can avoid buying it on board,” explains Sloan. “But why bother? There is all the water you could ever want for free out of the tap in your ship cabin. Contrary to what many people think, the water on cruise ships is perfectly potable. Bring an empty, reusable water bottle to fill up from the tap for off-the-ship excursions.”</p> <p><strong>Don’t: Bring your own alcohol</strong></p> <p>“Many cruise lines will confiscate any alcohol they find in your luggage,” says Sloan. “They want you to pay for their own, overpriced on-board alcohol.” That said, some cruise lines do let you bring on limited amounts of your own wine and alcohol; check the rules before embarking.</p> <p><strong>Do: Think twice before you default to packing formal wear</strong></p> <p>Gone are the days when every cruise had formal nights. Some have them – and they’re mostly optional – but many cruises are less dressy than ever before. So check the line’s dress code while considering what to pack for a cruise, and remember, it really depends on what type of cruise you’re taking whether you’ll need that gown. Expedition ships tend not to have formal nights, and they’re not the only ones. “River ships never have formal nights,” explains Walter Littlejohn, Crystal River Cruises Vice President and Managing Director. Chances are you won’t find them on kid-centric cruises, either.</p> <p><strong>Do: Leave your drone at home</strong></p> <p>Sure, they take great photos, but they’re not something you should try to stuff into your suitcase for your next cruise. “Only a handful of cruise lines allow drones on board, and restrictions run rampant,” says McDaniel. “Keep your drone at home.”</p> <p><strong>Do: Reconsider that gym equipment</strong></p> <p>“My favourite thing listed by some cruise lines under what not to bring is a hockey stick,” laughs Golden. “I have never seen anyone try, but I assume there are people who don’t go anywhere without a hockey stick.” As for hand weights and yoga mats for your regular workout, almost all cruise lines have fully stocked gyms.</p> <p><em><strong>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/travel/cruising/what-to-pack-for-a-cruise-and-6-things-not-to-bring?pages=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reader’s Digest</a>.</strong></em></p> <p><em>Image: Shutterstock</em></p>

Cruising

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The medicines to pack for your overseas holiday

<p>When travelling overseas, we all want a comfortable and pleasurable stay. This involves packing the right clothes for the right conditions and bringing a good book or music playlist. But what medicines should you take?</p> <p>The medicines you need will depend on what your expected needs are and what is available in the country being visited. Common medicines you may need to take include those for sleep, diarrhoea, malaria, pain and anxiety.</p> <p>When deciding what to take, it’s also important to remember that even if a medicine is available at home, its supply may be restricted or even prohibited in the country you are visiting. So, you should check beforehand.</p> <h2>Medicines for sleep</h2> <p>Sleeping on an aeroplane, while wedged in a tiny chair listening to a crying baby in the distance, can be very difficult for many people. As such, prescription sleeping medicines may be recommended by a doctor for short-term use. </p> <p>Alternatively, over-the-counter sleeping medicines, like the sedating antihistamine <a href="https://www.nps.org.au/medical-info/medicine-finder/restavit-tablets">doxylamine</a> are available from a pharmacy. But sedating antihistamines should not be used for <a href="http://www.smh.com.au/national/australian-medical-association-warns-against-sedating-children-on-long-journeys-20150405-1mesd0.html">children</a> when flying. </p> <p>You should also consider whether you actually need to sleep. If the flight is too long, then being asleep or sedated may prevent you from moving around while flying. Leg movement and stretching is <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/dvt/travel.html">recommended</a> when flying to improve blood flow and protect against blood clots. </p> <h2>Medicines for diarrhoea</h2> <p>Diarrhoea poses the <a href="https://www.racgp.org.au/afp/2012/october/parasitic-causes-of-prolonged-diarrhoea-in-travellers/">highest infectious risk</a> for travellers overseas, depending on where you are going. Diarrhoea is associated with <a href="https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/travellers-diarrhoea">symptoms</a> of stomach cramps, runny poo and nausea. </p> <p><a href="https://www.nps.org.au/medical-info/medicine-finder/buscopan-tablets">Hyoscine</a> is a medicine that may help relieve cramps by relaxing the stomach muscles. </p> <p><a href="https://www.tga.gov.au/otc-medicine-monograph-loperamide-hydrochloride">Loperamide</a> is useful in helping to stop diarrhoea, altogether. This may be particularly important if you’re stuck on a ten-hour flight, or have just set off on that once-in-a-lifetime jungle safari.</p> <p>Otherwise, medical advice often recommends not stopping the diarrhoea. Why? Because this stops your body from flushing out the pathogen that is causing the problem, and keeps the runny poo in, neither of which is a good thing. </p> <p>It’s best to let the diarrhoea pass and remain hydrated, which may include drinking more than just plain water; <a href="https://travel.gc.ca/travelling/health-safety/rehydration">oral rehydration</a> products may also be needed. These work by replacing all the lost sugars and salts in your body due to diarrhoea. They are available in sachets or effervescent tablets which can be mixed with water, making them easy to carry and use.</p> <p>Sometimes, treatment of diarrhoea will require additional medicines such as antibiotics. Either way you should consult a doctor or pharmacist before using medicines for diarrhoea, especially if it is persistent, if you experience fever, or if you see pus or blood in your wee or poo. </p> <h2>Medicines for malaria</h2> <p>For particular countries, there are medicines you may need to take before your journey to prevent you from getting sick while on vacation. </p> <p>If you are going to <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/country_table/a.html">certain areas</a> in Africa, India and Central America, for example, you may need to take an antimalarial medicine, such as the antibiotic <a href="https://www.nps.org.au/medical-info/medicine-finder/doxylin-tablets">doxycycline</a>. To be effective, these types of drugs need to be taken before, during, and after your travels, so it’s advisable to plan in advance with your doctor when travelling to areas with malaria.</p> <h2>Medicines for pain</h2> <p>Many of us use <a href="https://www.tga.gov.au/otc-medicine-monograph-paracetamol-oral-use">paracetamol</a> and <a href="https://www.tga.gov.au/otc-medicine-monograph-ibuprofen-oral-use">ibuprofen</a> for short-term pain relief. Even though they may be available from a pharmacy in some countries, like Australia, they can sometimes be hard to obtain overseas due to language barriers or different rules about how they can be supplied. </p> <p><a href="https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/codeine">Codeine</a> is also often found in pain relief preparations. Some countries have restrictions placed on the supply of codeine. For example, in Australia, codeine-based medicines can only be obtained with a <a href="https://www.nps.org.au/medical-info/clinical-topics/over-the-counter-codeine-changes-to-supply">prescription</a></p> <h2>Medicines for anxiety</h2> <p>Some people experience anxiety when flying. A doctor may recommend prescription medicines like <a href="https://www.nps.org.au/medical-info/medicine-finder/valium-tablets">diazepam</a>, along with psychological therapy for those who experience anxiety when flying. A side effect of diazepam is sedation, but this may be welcomed by travellers trying to sleep on a flight. </p> <h2>Restrictions on medicines when travelling</h2> <p>Some countries require documentation if travelling with certain medicines. </p> <p>For example, in <a href="http://www.hsa.gov.sg/content/hsa/en/Health_Products_Regulation/Consumer_Information/Personal_Import_Regulations/bringing_personal_medication_into_Singapore.html">Singapore</a>, a license is needed for larger quantities or doses of codeine. If travelling to Indonesia with codeine, you may need to apply for a <a href="https://www.kbri-canberra.go.id/menu-customs/taking-prescribed-medicine-to-indonesia#requirements">letter</a> from the embassy or high commission to bring such medicines into the country.</p> <p>Restrictions placed on medicines are not limited to those that require a prescription. In Singapore, nicotine chewing gum that is not <a href="http://www.hsa.gov.sg/pub/faq/faq/faqcategory/bringing-personal-medication-into-singapore.aspx">Singapore-registered</a>is a <a href="http://www.hsa.gov.sg/content/hsa/en/Health_Products_Regulation/Consumer_Information/Personal_Import_Regulations/bringing_personal_medication_into_Singapore.html">prohibited</a> substance. </p> <h2>What to remember</h2> <p>It’s important to check with your doctor or pharmacist if a medicine is suitable for your needs. Each person is different and not all medicines are safe, especially among children, pregnant or breastfeeding women, and the elderly. </p> <p>It is also a good idea to ask your pharmacist about the storage requirements for any medicines you’re taking with you. </p> <p>And remember, regardless of how you purchase the medicine back home, it’s important to check the requirements in your destination. As a general rule, it’s advisable to check with the relevant embassy or high commission and to take your doctor’s prescription or letter, as well as the labelled medicine box with you when travelling.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-medicines-to-pack-for-your-overseas-holiday-90930" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation</a>. </em></p>

International Travel

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Incredible scenes of panic after US tourists pack unexploded shell as souvenir

<p dir="ltr">Chaos erupted at Israel’s Ben Gurion airport in Tel Aviv after a family of American tourists tried to take an unexploded ordnance through airport security.</p> <p dir="ltr">The tourists found the shell while travelling in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, according to a statement from Israel Airport Authorities, before declaring the shell to airport security when they arrived at the luggage drop-off.</p> <p><span id="docs-internal-guid-45f26c85-7fff-b14f-02be-70492e6eb6b0"></span></p> <p dir="ltr">Video footage of travellers running for safety or cowering on the ground after staff announced the evacuation quickly spread on social media, garnering hundreds of thousands of views.</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr" lang="en">Chaos at Ben Gurion Airport in <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Israel?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Israel</a> Israel after an American family on holiday attempted to check in an unexploded shell they found while visiting the occupied Golan Heights <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/MiddleEastEye?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#MiddleEastEye</a> <a href="https://t.co/5qsqnK23wM">pic.twitter.com/5qsqnK23wM</a></p> <p>— Randa HABIB (@RandaHabib) <a href="https://twitter.com/RandaHabib/status/1520466409456873473?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">April 30, 2022</a></p></blockquote> <p dir="ltr">Though the shell didn’t explode, one person was reportedly injured and hospitalised after he attempted to run along a luggage conveyor belt.</p> <p dir="ltr">The family told agents that one of their children made the discovery while they were sightseeing in the Golan Heights - an area 150 kilometres northeast of Jerusalem which was annexed from Syria in 1967.</p> <p dir="ltr">According to local media, the family said they were taking it home as a souvenir and were unaware of just how dangerous it was.</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-42acd8ed-7fff-c9a8-56a5-bd2ab374fc15"></span></p> <p dir="ltr">After the family was questioned by security officials, the evacuation was cancelled and they were allowed to board their flight.</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr" lang="en">⚠️A huge panic broke out at Tel Aviv Ben Gurion Airport/TLV (Israel)🇮🇱 after one American family had an unexploded bomb packed in their luggage which they wanted to take home as a "souvenir"🙈. The bomb was found by child while visiting the Golan Heights🇮🇱 <a href="https://t.co/sPX3h8NEEc">https://t.co/sPX3h8NEEc</a> <a href="https://t.co/j74k6EhXzB">pic.twitter.com/j74k6EhXzB</a></p> <p>— Tomáš Semrád (@Tomas40916602) <a href="https://twitter.com/Tomas40916602/status/1520848958536441863?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">May 1, 2022</a></p></blockquote> <p dir="ltr">Israel Airport Authorities have said the incident is “currently under operational investigation”, as reported by <em><a href="https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/israel-airport-unexploded-shell-american-tourists/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">CNN</a></em>.</p> <p dir="ltr">The discovery of the ordnance comes as mine-clearing operations continue along the borders of Israel, Syria, and Lebanon, as the Israeli government works to promote tourism and population growth in the Golan area, per <em><a href="https://www.traveller.com.au/chaos-at-israels-ben-gurion-airport-after-us-tourists-pack-unexploded-shell-as-souvenir-h23h6u" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Traveller</a></em>.</p> <p dir="ltr">Though the family were lucky enough to not set the shell off, unexploded ordnances are particularly dangerous because they can still be detonated, with the Australian Government’s Department of Defence <a href="https://defence.gov.au/UXO/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">website</a> urging anyone who finds one to contact police and avoid disturbing it.</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-b7c4f6e8-7fff-e125-a005-c8d16045f024"></span></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Images: Twitter</em></p>

Travel Trouble

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Could your phone replace your RAT?

<p dir="ltr">A new smartphone app could replace Rapid Antigen Tests (RATs) by detecting whether you have COVID-19 or not based on one telling symptom - the sound of your cough.</p> <p dir="ltr">ResApp, a digital health company based in Brisbane, <a href="https://www.resapphealth.com.au/resapp-announces-positive-results-for-a-new-novel-smartphone-based-covid-19-screening-test/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">announced</a> in late March that its new screening test, which you take with your smartphone, had successfully detected the virus in 92 percent of people who were infected.</p> <p dir="ltr">The promising results come from the company’s pilot clinical trial of its machine learning technology, which analysed coughing sounds from 741 patients, including 446 who were confirmed to be infected with Covid using RATs.</p> <p dir="ltr">It was also found that the technology could correctly identify eighty percent of those who didn’t have the virus as being negative.</p> <p dir="ltr">However, the technology will still need to be tested in double-blind clinical trials and successfully pass through the process for regulatory approval before it hits the shelves, per <em><a href="https://7news.com.au/lifestyle/health-wellbeing/could-ai-replace-the-rat-covid-patients-are-coughing-into-their-smartphones-to-find-out-c-6235219" target="_blank" rel="noopener">7News</a></em>.</p> <p dir="ltr">Dr Lucy Morgan, the Chair of the Lung Foundation Australia and a professor of respiratory medicine, told 7News the technology could be a promising alternative to RATs.</p> <p dir="ltr">“What’s so exciting about this pilot project, a relatively small project, is that this app has been able to predict that a cough is due to COVID-19 at a very, very high rate,” she said.</p> <p dir="ltr">But, Dr Morgan stressed that it still wouldn’t replace the technology currently used to diagnose COVID-19.</p> <p dir="ltr">“It’s not a diagnosis. It’s not a blood test, it’s not a PCR test, it’s not a RAT test. It’s coughing into your phone and predicting,” she explained.</p> <p dir="ltr">This isn’t the first time scientists have turned to our smartphones to diagnose Covid either.</p> <p dir="ltr">In January, a <a href="https://oversixty.com.au/entertainment/technology/what-if-your-phone-could-tell-you-if-you-had-covid" target="_blank" rel="noopener">team of US researchers</a> published a paper detailing how they developed an inexpensive testing kit. Using a similar method to PCR tests to make copies of DNA in a saliva sample, the test then uses your smartphone camera and an app to detect whether any DNA from the virus is present.</p> <p dir="ltr">Meanwhile, researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have been training their own Artificial Intelligence (AI) using a database of over 5000 forced coughs. They <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34812418/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">found</a> that over 98 percent of Covid-positive samples were correctly identified by the AI, and that more than 94 percent of those without Covid were correctly identified as being Covid-negative (known as specificity). </p> <p dir="ltr">Their findings were even more promising with asymptomatic subjects, with 100 percent of Covid-positive subjects being correctly identified (known as sensitivity).</p> <p dir="ltr">In comparison, the trial of the new ResApp technology used significantly fewer subjects, but Dr Morgan said there was no reason the results could be replicated in a trial with a larger sample size.</p> <p dir="ltr">However, she noted that it’s unknown whether having underlying illnesses, such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), could affect how sensitive the test actually is.</p> <p dir="ltr">“How do we know the cough for a person who has background lung disease is going to be as sensitively detected to have Covid as someone who was previously well and then develops a cough?” she said.</p> <p dir="ltr">Though this and other questions are still unanswered, the numerous tests required before the technology can be approved are sure to resolve at least some.</p> <p><span id="docs-internal-guid-89aac1cb-7fff-1d9a-0ef5-835ab6b0a2d4"></span></p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: Getty Images</em></p>

Technology

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Go big or go home: How Coles is helping you save

<p dir="ltr">Coles has upped the stakes in the supermarket wars by introducing its own bulk-sized items to help shoppers save at the checkout. </p> <p dir="ltr">The Big Pack Value range will help Aussies save a massive 60 per cent on everyday items by buying in bulk.</p> <p dir="ltr">Up to 40 Coles items will be supersized, which will help customers save more money when they’re doing their shopping. </p> <p dir="ltr">Coles General Manager for Grocery Leanne White said the supermarket wanted to assist in lowering the cost of living by introducing new cost-saving initiatives to help customers save at the checkout every week. </p> <p dir="ltr">“We know Australians are looking for value more than ever and offering some of our popular products in bulk is one way we are helping our customers save time and money on their weekly grocery shop,” she said.</p> <p dir="ltr">“Our Big Pack Value range is helping feed even the largest of families on a budget with significant savings on 44 family favourites in bulk sizes – everything from snacks to sauces, coffee and dinner staples like a giant 1.32 kilo tin of Milo, massive 2 kilo tub of peanut butter, and 18 pack of Maggi 2 Minute Noodles.</p> <p dir="ltr">“Buying in bulk works really well for families who are buying the same products regularly so can stock up on their favourites at a cheaper cost overall. Some of the products can last an average family a couple of months, which means customers save time shopping in store, while managing the family budget.”</p> <p dir="ltr">On offer under the Big Pack Value includes the Bega Peanut Butter Crunchy and Smooth in a 2kg tub for $16.50. </p> <p dir="ltr">Customers will save up to 48 per cent than if they were purchasing a small 200g jar at $3.20.</p> <p dir="ltr">A 1.32kg tin of Milo is going for $16 which will see shoppers save 46 per cent rather than buying the 200g tin for $4.50. </p> <p dir="ltr">Students can also get in on the savings with the Maggi 2 Minute Chicken Noodles available in an 18 pack for just $11. </p> <p dir="ltr">By purchasing the bulk pack will save you up to 32 per cent compared to buying a 5 pack for $4.50.</p> <p dir="ltr"><em>Image: Coles</em></p>

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